David Crowe Writings on Health, Environment and Science

 

This is a list of articles on science and health-related topics written by David Crowe alone, or in conjunction with other authors. Where there are multiple authors, these are listed. If there is no link from an article’s title, it has either not yet been converted for web posting, or the original text is not available. The list also includes books authored by others in which David’s contributions were acknowledged.

It is important to note that the articles posted here are often before editing by the publishers, so you may notice differences with the published version, sometimes slight, sometimes major. The main reason for doing this is so that references are included.

David’s writings on telecommunications, especially for the more recent years, are archived at cnp–wireless.com/ArticleArchive/index.html.

If you have any comments or feedback on this page, notice any errors in any of the articles, or have a writing assignment in mind, please email David.

David is a member of the Canadian Association of Journalists.

[ 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | 1998 | 1997 | 1996 | Early 1990s | 1980s | 1970s]

 

Date Description
Articles That Are In Preparation or In Press
2008 [estimated]Crowe D. The infectious myth. In preparation.
theinfectiousmyth.com
David Crowe Health and Science Articles for 2008
2008 Oct 5Crowe D. The Goudge inquiry: Parallels with AID$ Inc.. aras.ab.ca.
aras.ab.ca/articles/popular/goudge.html
2008 AprCrowe D. Defending parents. Atlantic Free Press.
atlanticfreepress.com/content/view/3700/81/
2008 MarBK. Interview between David Crowe and Boyd Graves. CKLN Radio.
aras.ab.ca/audio/20080401-The%20Great%20AIDS%20Debate%20-%20Dr.%20Graves%20vs.%20Mr.%20Crowe.mp3
Articles from 2007
2007Bauer HH. The origin, persistence and failings of HIV/AIDS theory. McFarland.
2007 May 16Crowe D. Letter to Senator Richard J. Codey re: Bill. Personal correspondence.
2007 May 15Crowe D. Another letter censored by the Globe & Mail newspaper. Censored.
aras.ab.ca/articles/correspondence/200705-crowe-globe-eugenics.html
2007 May 5Crowe D. 10 things to do and 10 things not to do for optimal health. Citizens for Quality Health Society (CHQS).
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/200705-cqhs-dcrowe.pdf
2007 Apr 10David Crowe being interviewed for a Gary Null video (in 3 parts). GaryNull.com.
youtube.com/watch?v=sO9pFFanbCQ&NR=1
youtube.com/watch?v=iTp2PrbFkSQ&NR=1
youtube.com/watch?v=ER2iojyiXe0&NR=1
2007 Mar 21Crowe DR, Pranger J. SARS and the Australian Parenzee Court Case [interview]. Dynamic Health Radio Show on CFRO Co-Op Radio, 102.7 FM, Vancouver.
animalvoices.org/dynamichealth/dh-2007-03-21.mp3
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/audio/dh-2007-03-21.mp3
2007 Jan 31Crowe DR, Pranger J. Polio [interview]. Dynamic Health Radio Show on CFRO Co-Op Radio, 102.7 FM, Vancouver.
animalvoices.org/dynamichealth/dh-2007-01-31.mp3
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/audio/dh-2007-01-31.mp3
2007 Jan 24Crowe DR, Pranger J. Stephen Lewis and the definitions of AIDS [interview]. Dynamic Health Radio Show on CFRO Co-Op Radio, 102.7 FM, Vancouver.
animalvoices.org/dh-2007-01-24-crowe-kunz.mp3
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/audio/dh-2007-01-24.mp3
2007 JanCrowe D. Celia Farber's book: Serious Adverse Events. Alive Magazine.
aras.ab.ca/articles/popular/SeriousAdverseEvents.html
2007 JanCrowe D. Organic Threats. Alive Magazine.
2000Johnston R, Irwin M, Crowe D. Durban declaration rebuttal. HEAL Toronto.
healtoronto.com/durban/
Articles from 2006
2006 DecCrowe D et al. Commentary: Revisiting the risk of HIV infection from breastfeeding. AnotherLook.org.
anotherlook.org/papers/g/english.pdf
2006 NovCrowe D. Chemotherapy: The 2% Solution. Alive Magazine. 289
alive.com/4887a12a2.php
2006 NovCulshaw R, Crowe D. Rebecca Culshaw and David Crowe Challenge Julio Montaner (but Lancet won’t print it). RethinkingAIDS.com.
rethinkingaids.com/Challenges/Culshaw-Crowe-Montaner.html
2006 SepCrowe D et al. Correcting Gallo: Rethinking AIDS responds to Harper’s ‘Out of Control’ critics. Rethinking AIDS.
rethinkingaids.com/GalloRebuttal/overview.html
2006 Aug 8Crowe D. Mothers Evading AIDS Drugs. Globe and Mail.
2006 Jul 13Crowe D. Interview by Tim Chisholm [audio]. RadioGay.ca.
2006-7Crowe D [ed]. Rethinkers challenge the dogmatists. Rethinking AIDS.
rethinkingaids.com/Challenges/index.html
2006 May 8Crowe D. Rejecting the HIV paradigm is critical for maternal and child health. WABA.
2006 AprCrowe D. Skin lighteners and HIV. RedFlagsDaily.com.
2006 AprCrowe D. Book Review: “Unravelling AIDS: The Unexamined Science And the Promising Alternative Therapies” by Mae-Wan Ho, Sam Burcher, Rhea Gala and Vejko Veljkovic. RedFlagsDaily.com.
aras.ab.ca/articles/popular/200604-UnravelingAIDS.html
2006 Mar 17Crowe D. How TheBody.com keeps the chaff and throws out the wheat. RedFlagsDaily.com.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/2006-03%20TheBody.comGuidelines.html
2006 MarCrowe D. HIV, sex and jail time in Canada. Canada Community Police Publication (Western Edition). 32-39
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/hiv-sex-jailtime.html
2006 JanCrowe D. Take a pill. Alive Magazine. 279
alive.com/4197a12a2.php
2005 Nov 11Crowe D. Lying about HIV in South Africa. RedFlagsDaily.com.
Articles from 2005
2005 Dec 16Crowe D, Engelbrecht T. Avian flu virus H5N1: No proof for existence, pathogenicity, or pandemic potential; non-‘‘H5N1’’ causation omitted. Medical Hypotheses.
2005 DecCrowe D et al. Coercive treatment of HIV-positive children is not justified. Pediatrics. 116(6):1605-6; author reply 1606-8
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/PediatricsArkansas.html
2005 DecCrowe D. LOHAS: Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability. Alive Magazine. 278
2005 NovCrowe D. One bad shot: Should you get a flu vaccination this season?. Alive Magazine. 277:66-9
alive.com/3868a6a2.php
2005 AugCrowe D. Death in a bottle. Alive Magazine. 274
alive.com/3248a6a2.php
2005 Jul 11Crowe D. Validate HIV tests. Austin Chronicle.
2005 AprCrowe D. The cause of cancer: Defective genes or excess chromosomes?. Alive Magazine. 270
alive.com/3102a6a2.php
davidcrowe.ca/scimedenv/alive-aneuploidy.html
2005 AprCrowe D. Book Review: "The Truth About the Drug Companies" by Marcia Angell. RedFlagsDaily.com.
redflagsdaily.com/crowe/2005_apr24
Articles from 2004
2004 NovCrowe D. Abstract Art. Alive Magazine. 265:134
2004 NovCrowe D. Spin doctoring. Alive Magazine. 265
alive.com/2086a5a2.php
2004 OctCrowe D. Thimerosal in vaccines: mad as a hatter?. Alive Magazine. 264:64,66
alive.com/2006a5a2.php
2004 OctCrowe D. Thought control at Health Canada. Alive Magazine. 264:150
alive.com/2043a5a2.php
2004 Sep 17Crowe D. HIV/AIDS: Uncommon questions for midwifery practice. ACNM/CAM Conference.
2004 JulCrowe D. Risk of occupational exposure to HIV.
2004 Jul 7Crowe D. Stay Away. Calgary Herald. A10
DavidCrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/StayAway.html
2004 JunPurdey M, Crowe D. Mark Purdey Lecture. Dutton Theatre, Calgary.
2004 Jun (in press)Crowe D. Book Review: Oncogenes, Aneuploidy and AIDS. RedFlagsDaily.com.
2004 May 26Crowe D. David Crowe on CJSW. University of Calgary Student Radio Station CJSW.
2004 MayCrowe D. A prostate a day keeps the urologist wealthy. Alive Magazine. 259:30-1
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/prostate.html
2004 MayCrowe D. The ABCs of Hepatitis. Alive Magazine. 259:48-51
alive.com/1798a5a2.php
2004 MayCrowe D. The dangers of hospitalization. Alive Magazine. 259:60-3
alive.com/1802a5a2.php
2004 AprCrowe D. Childhood cancer therapy: a lifelong burden. Alive Magazine. 258:66-8
alive.com/1753a5a2.php
2004 Apr 9Crowe D et al. Long-term Infant Health Outcomes Critical in Feeding Decisions by HIV-Positive Mothers. AIDS. 18(6):963-4
aras.ab.ca/articles/scientific/200403AIDSLetter.pdf
2004 Feb 12Crowe D. Let them eat Prozac: A book review. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsweekly.com/crowe/2004_feb12
Articles from 2003
2003 Dec 22Crowe D. Letter to Margery Snider, Senior Assistant Coordinator, Access to Information and Privacy Centre, Health Canada. Personal correspondence.
2003 Dec 16Crowe D. Is a tomato a fruit or a vegetable?. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsweekly.com/crowe/2003_dec16.html
2003 NovCrowe D. How scientific censorship works. Alive Magazine. 253
suppressedscience.net/censorship-medicine.html
alive.com/1586a4a2.php
2003 NovCrowe D. Book Review: What really causes AIDS? . RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsweekly.com/crowe/2003_nov26.php
2003 OctCrowe D. Where doctors get their information on drugs. Alive Magazine. 252
alive.com/1538a4a2.php
2003 Sep/OctCrowe D. Mandatory HIV Testing for US Mothers. Mothering. 24-5
2003 Sep 1 [submitted]Crowe D. Response to article: Canada ignorant of AIDS facts: poll. Calgary Herald.
2003 JulLevinsky E [pro], Crowe D [con]. Should HIV testing be mandatory in pregnancy?. Parkhurst Exchange. 16-17
aras.ab.ca/articles/scientific/200308-MandatoryTestingDebate.pdf
2003 Jun 23Crowe D. Manufacturing Certainty. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsweekly.com/crowe/2003_june23.html
2003 Jun 22,25,30Kane P, Crowe D, Stewart J. Prostate progress [Exchange of letters]. Calgary Herald. A10,A14,A10
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/herald-prostate.html
2003 Jun 24 - presentCutler J, Crowe D. Access to Information Request. Health Canada.
2003 May 28Crowe D. New Theory. Calgary Herald. A16
2003 May 15Crowe D et al. Sex less a factor in African AIDS. The Black Commentator. 42
blackcommentator.com/42/42_issues.html
2003 May 10Crowe D. SARS? Some Suspicions. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsweekly.com/crowe/2003_may10.html
2003 AprCrowe D. Up the nile without a virus?. Alive Magazine. 246
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/alive-wnv.html
2003 Apr 12 (unpublished)Crowe D. Questions that should have been asked (and answered) about SARS before we panicked…. Globe and Mail.
2003 Apr 10Crowe D. A tribute to Rob Johnston, AIDS Reappraiser. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsweekly.com/crowe/2003_apr10.html
2003 Apr 2Crowe D. The crime of asking questions at an AIDS panel discussion. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsdaily.com/crowe/2003_apr02
2003 SpringCrowe D, West J. Does West Nile Virus cause illness?. Journal of Pesticide Reform. 23(1):24
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/2003Spring-JPestReform-WNV/index.html
2003 MarJohnston R, Irwin M, Crowe D. NIAID/NIH Evidence Rebuttal. www.healtoronto.com.
healtoronto.com/nih
2003 MarCrowe D. Malnutrition: overfed and undernourished. Alive Magazine. 245:34-7
alive.com/1254a4a2.php
2003 Mar 3Crowe D. HIV/AIDS: Science or Religion?. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
aras.ab.ca/articles/presentations/2003-02%20ScienceOrReligion.pdf
2003 Feb 26Kent G, Crowe D. Infant feeding and HIV: the importance of language in shaping policy. AnotherLook.org.
anotherlook.org/papers/f/english.pdf
2003 Feb 6Crowe D. Response to “Free fall in HIV/AIDS totals continues”. Canadian Medical Association Journal. Refused publication
2003 JanCrowe D. The fluoride fiasco. Alive Magazine. 243:28-31
alive.com/1164a4a2.php
Articles from 2002
2002 Dec 14Crowe D. How Inaccurate Information About HIV And Breastfeeding Has Resulted In The Biggest Reversal In The Practice Of Breastfeeding Since Formula Was First Invented. Formula Producers Are Laughing All The Way To The Bank [Breastfeeding Fiasco]. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsweekly.com/crowe/2002_dec14.html
2002 NovCrowe D. Laser eye surgery. Alive Magazine. 241:77
alive.com/4020a3a2.php
2002 Nov 11Crowe D. Lefties, pharmas and AIDS. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/rfw-lefties-pharma-aids.html
2002 Oct 17Crowe D. Sophie’s Medical Coercion. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsdaily.com/crowe/2002_oct17
2002 AugEastman A et al. Breastfeeding and HIV and AIDS. JHL.
aras.ab.ca/articles/scientific/2002-JHL-BF.html
2002 Aug 11-presentMcLellan AA et al. Exchange of correspondence regarding variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Canada.
2002 Jul 25Crowe D. Vancouver Island water buffaloes: To be, or to be killed?. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsweekly.com/Thursday_report/2002_july25.html
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/rfw-waterbuffalo.html
2002 JulCrowe D. Hormone Replacement Therapy. Alive Magazine. 237:29
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/alive-hrt.html
alive.com/4013a3a2.php
2002 July 24Crowe D. Mad Cows or Mad Scientists?. RedFlagsWeekly.com.
redflagsweekly.com/features/2002_july24
2002Papadopulos-Eleopulos E et al. The interpretation of HIV antibody tests in infants. unpublished.
2002Crowe D, West J. West Nile virus: horse puckey?. Natural Horse. 4(6):28-33
DavidCrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/WNVNaturalHorse.pdf
2002 May 25Sachs M et al. HIV and the rights of parents. bmj.com.
bmj.com/cgi/eletters/324/7347/1178/c
2002 Mar 22Tompson M et al. What can we do to enhance the health and survival of infants born to HIV-positive mothers?. BMJ Rapid Response.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/papers/%231691-BMJ%20AnotherLook.pdf
2002 Mar 6Eastman A et al. Breastfeeding vs formula-feeding among HIV-infected women in resource-poor areas. Journal of the American Medical Association. 287(9):1111
aras.ab.ca/articles/scientific/20020306-AnotherLook-JAMA.pdf
2002 FebCrowe DR. Modern medicine can kill. Alive Magazine. 232:58-9
alive.com/3983a3a2.php
2002 JanCrowe D. Anthrax hysteria debunked. Alive Magazine. 231:72-3
alive.com/813a3a2.php
Articles from 2001
2001 DecCrowe DR. AZT: Life-saving or death-dealing? Results of lawsuit could prove fatal for AIDS drug. Alive Magazine. 230:23-4
alive.com/776a2a2.php
2001 DecCrowe D. AIDS Funding in Canada. Alive Magazine. 230:24
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/alive-aidsfunding.html
2001 DecCrowe D. The infectious question: Needle Exchange Programs. Alive Magazine. 230:30-1
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/alive-nep.html
alive.com/781a2a2.php
2001 Nov 9Crowe DR. Is peripartum zidovudine ‘safe and highly beneficial to African children?’. AIDS. 15(16):2204-5
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/AIDS-azt.html
aras.ab.ca/articles/scientific/AIDS-azt.html
2001 Oct 3Crowe D. West Nile Virus: Does it Exist?. Weekly Health. 260
mercola.com/2001/oct/3/west_nile_virus.htm
2001 Sep 29Tompson M et al. Nduati's claim that breastfeeding HIV-positive mothers have higher mortality may be unwarranted. Lancet. 358(9287):1095; author reply 1096
aras.ab.ca/articles/scientific/bf-letter-lancet.html
thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140673601062031/fulltext
2001 JulCrowe D. Britain Still Slaughtering Cows. Alive Magazine. 225
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/footandmouth.html
alive.com/637a2a2.php
2001 JunCrowe D. Mad cows or mad scientists?. Alive Magazine. 224
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/madcow.html
2001 MayCrowe D. Revised HIV/AIDS Treatment Guidelines. Alive Magazine. 223
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/alive-guidelines.html
2001 AprCrowe D. Dr. Burzynski battles the cancer industry. Alive Magazine. 222
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/alive-burzynski.html
alive.com/528a2a2.php
2001 Apr 14Crowe D. AIDS scare. Globe and Mail. A10
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/gandm-010414.html
2001 MarCrowe D. BC Private Member's Bill to Allow Doctors to Practice Complementary Medicine. Alive Magazine. 221:88-9
alive.com/3915a2a2.php
2001 MarCrowe D. Doctors free to be alternative. Alive Magazine.
alive.com/3915a2a2.php
2001 Jan 14Crowe D. HIV tests suspect. Calgary Herald. A12
Articles from 2000
2000 DecCrowe D. Lies, damned lies and AIDS misinformation. Alive Magazine. 218:56-7
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/alive-aids-stats.html
alive.com/3824a1a2.php
2000 Nov 9Crowe D. AIDS an unlikely threat. Globe and Mail. A12
DavidCrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/OccupXmission.html
2000 Nov 9Crowe D. AIDS not infectious?. Globe and Mail.
2000 SepCrowe, D. Take the pills, or we’ll take your kids!. Alive Magazine. 215
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/alive-TakeThePills.html
alive.com/286a1a2.php
2000 SepCrowe D. Pregnant? What you should know about HIV testing. Nurturing Magazine.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/pregnant.html
2000 Jul 24Crowe D. HIV not a health risk?. The Report. 9
2000 Jul 24Crowe D. Reply to reply to 'Flight from the AIDS Police'. The Report.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/report-000724.html
2000 Apr-AugCrowe D. Exchange of correspondence with Canadian Minister of Health Alan Rock regarding the refusal of GlaxoWellcome Canada to provide information on adverse effects of their AIDS drugs. Personal correspondence.
Articles from 1999
1999 Oct 29Crowe D. HIV positively not a death sentence. Calgary Herald. A30
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/HIVNotDeath.html
1999 JunCrowe D. Request to obtain information on adverse reactions from GlaxoWellcome Canada's (now GlaxoSmithKline) on their AIDS drugs. Correspondence.
1999 Mar-AprCrowe D, Beltz R. Exchange of correspondence on the origin of AZT. Personal Correspondence.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/Beltz-AZT.html
1999 Mar-MayCrowe D. Exchange of correspondence with Mary Culnane regarding ACTG 076. Personal Correspondence.
1999 Mar 7-Apr 6Crowe D. Exchange of correspondence with John Waters on 'Initial AIDS Diagnosis' and 'Reactions to HIV/AIDS Therapy'. Personal Correspondence.
Articles from 1998
1998 Nov 27Crowe D. Letter to CBC ‘Quirks and Quarks’. Personal Correspondence.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/199711-Quirks%26Quarks.html
1998 Nov 27Crowe D. Letter to Die Grünen. Personal Correspondence.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/19981127-Gallo-DieGruenen1.html
1998 Aug-SepCrowe D. Letter to editor of 'Science' regarding use of words “potent”, “powerful” etc.. Personal Correspondence.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/PotentLetter.html
1998 Aug 20-1999 Oct 13Rock A, Crowe D. Exchange of correspondence. Personal Correspondence.
1998-9Crowe D. Exchange of correspondence with Health Canada regarding HIV/AIDS (risk hierarchy, definition of AIDS etc.). Personal correspondence.
1998-9Crowe D et al. Exchange of letters regarding HIV and AIDS. Correspondence.
1998 Jun-1999 JanCrowe D, Midbo K. Exchange of correspondence with AIDS Calgary. Personal Correspondence.
1998-9Jonson H, Crowe D. Exchange of letters regarding HIV/AIDS.
1998-1999Sutherland D, Crowe D. Exchange of correspondence. Health Canada LCDC.
Articles from 1997
1998 Nov 27Crowe D. Letter to CBC ‘Quirks and Quarks’. Personal Correspondence.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/199711-Quirks%26Quarks.html
1997 Sep 27Crowe D. Letter to Canadian Minister of Health, Allan Rock. Personal Correspondence.
aras.ab.ca/articles/correspondence/199709-MoH-Canada.html
1997 Aug 19Crowe D. Blame for AIDS Placed on Use of Toxic Substances. Calgary Herald.
aras.ab.ca/articles/correspondence/199708-Crowe-AIDS-Toxins.html
1997-1999Gill J, Peffers B, Crowe D. Exchange of letters with John Gill and Bryan Peffers.
1997 Jun 6Crowe D. Letter to David Ho. Personal Correspondence.
aras.ab.ca/articles/correspondence/19970606-Ho.pdf
Articles from 1996
1996 Aug 9Crowe D. Plenty at stake in HIV/AIDS Debate. Calgary Herald. A11
1996 Aug 9Crowe D. Plenty at stake in HIV/AIDS Debate. Calgary Herald. A11
Articles from the early 1990s
1992-presentCrowe D [ed]. Newsletter. Alberta Greens.
1992-2004Crowe D [ed]. Cellular Networking Perspectives. CNP.
1991 MayCrowe D. NovAtel’s novel approach to CPU usage measurement. Software-Practice and Experience. 21(5):465-77
cnp-wireless.com/CPUProbe.pdf
Articles from the 1980s
1987 FallCrowe D. Enhancing cellular communications: ORACLE helps Canada go mobile. Oracle Magazine. 1(2):14-16
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/1987-Fall-Oracle-Novatel.pdf
1985 Aug 18-21Crowe D. ORACLE in a distributed environment. ORACLE Conference. 21-6
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/OracleConferencePresn.pdf
1981 NovCrowe D, Parker WH. Hybridization and agamospermy of Bidens in Northwestern Ontario. Taxon. 30(4):749-60
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/1981-Bidens.pdf
1980Walshe S. Plants of Quetico and the Canadian Shield. University of Toronto Press.
Articles from the 1970s
1978 MayCrowe D. A study of suspected hybridization in the genus Bidens L. in Thunder Bay City, Ontario. Lakehead University.
1977 Mar 23Crowe DR. Saccharin ban may increase sugar intake. Lakehead Living.
davidcrowe.ca/SciHealthEnv/1977-Saccharin.html

© – Copyright Sat, Feb 10, 2007: David Crowe.